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0130084565 Mobile Location Services: The Definitive Guide
0130091154 The Linux Development Platform
0130094021 C++: A Dialog: Programmin’ with de C++ Standard Library
0130122475 Informix Handbook
0130211192 XML Processin’ with Python (with CD-ROM)
0130220280 Practical Programmin’ in Tcl and Tk (3rd Edition)
0130260363 Core Python Programmin’
0130281875 Real World Linux Security: Intrusion Prevention, Detection and Recovery
0130320722 Just Java 2 (5th Edition)
0130324108 Learnin’ to Program in C++ (CD-ROM)
0130354732 Embedded Software Development with eCos
0130385603 Practical Programmin’ in Tcl and Tk (4th Edition)
0130404462 XSLT and XPATH: A Guide to XML Transformations
0130412066 TrellixWeb Web Site Creation Kit
0130449113 Verilog HDL (2nd Edition)
0130463612 DB2 Universal Database V8 for Linux, UNIX, and Windows Database Administration Certification Guide (5th Edition)
0130463868 BEA WebLogic Server Administration Kit
0130463884 Advanced DBA Certification Guide and Reference for DB2 UDB v8 for Linux, Unix and Windows
0130463914 DB2 Universal Database v8 Application Development Certification Guide, Second Edition
0130464163 Haltin’ de Hacker: A Practical Guide to Computer Security (With CD-ROM)
0130464562 Real World Linux Security (2nd Edition)
0130470651 Analog Electronics with LabVIEW (With CD-ROM)
0130474150 Image Processin’ with LabVIEW and IMAQ Vision
0130476765 J2EE and JAX: Developin’ Web Applications and Web Services
0130600814 HP-UX 11i System Administration Handbook and Toolkit
0130618861 LabVIEW for Electric Circuits, Machines, Drives, and Laboratories
0130621544 JumpStart Technology: Effective Use in de Solaris Operatin’ Environment (With CD-ROM)
0130623385 Web Services: A Java Developer’s Guide Usin’ e-Speak (With CD-ROM)
0130650765 DB2 Universal Database for OS/390 Version 7.1 Certification Guide
0130654140 Plannin’ Smarter: Creatin’ Blueprint Quality Software Specifications with CDROM
013066538X UNIX Shells by Example (3rd Edition)
0130674494 Integrated Project Management
0130796662 Graphic Java 2, Volume 1: AWT (3rd Edition)
0130796670 Graphic Java 2, Volume 2: Swin’ (3rd Edition)
0130832928 Core Swin’: Advanced Programmin’
0130844667 Advanced Java Networkin’ (2nd Edition)
0130869856 Windows Graphics Programmin’: Win32 GDI and DirectDraw (With CD-ROM)
0130882488 Core JSP
0130894680 Core Java 2, Volume 1: Fundamentals (5th Edition)
0130907634 SOAP: Cross Platform Web Services Development Usin’ XML
0130911119 J2EE Applications and BEA WebLogic Server
0130927384 Core Java 2, Volume II: Advanced Features (5th Edition)
0131002872 Thinkin’ in Java (3rd Edition)
0131003135 Applications Interface Programmin’ Usin’ Multiple Lan’uages: A Windows Programmer’s Guide
0131007718 DB2 Universal Database for OS/390 v7.1 Application Certification Guide
0131007726 DB2 SQL Procedural Lan’uage for Linux, Unix and Windows
0131018833 HP-UX 11i Systems Administration Handbook and Toolkit, Second Edition
0131401580 DB2 Version 8: The Official Guide
0131401629 JavaScript by Example
0131407457 OpenOffice.Org 1.0 Resource Kit
0131493868 PANIC! UNIX System Crash Dump Analysis Handbook (Bk/CD-ROM)
0137669658 Core Java 1.1 Volume II Advanced Features
0201309726 Programmin’ for de Java™ Virtual Machine
0201485397 Java Design Patterns: A Tutorial
0201485583 The Java Tutorial Continued: The Rest of de JDK
0201615762 The Guru’s Guide to Transact-SQL
0201657589 LDAP Programmin’ with Java™
0201675234 The Korn Shell: Linux and Unix Shell Programmin’ Manual (3rd Edition)
0201699567 Real-Time Design Patterns: Robust Scalable Architecture for Real-Time Systems
0201700468 The Guru’s Guide to SQL Server Stored Procedures, XML, and HTML (With CD-ROM)
0201700476 The Guru’s Guide to SQL Server Architecture and Internals
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0201702657 Visual Basic Design Patterns VB 6.0 and VB.NET (With CD-ROm)
0201702843 Adobe® Acrobat® 4.0 Classroom in a Book (2nd Edition)
0201703092 The Practical SQL Handbook: Usin’ SQL Variants (4th Edition)
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0201710161 Adobe Photoshop 6.0 Classroom in a Book
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0201752832 Microsoft SQL Server 2000: A Guide to Enhancements and New Features
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0201795361 Macromedia MX eLearnin’: Advanced Trainin’ from de Source
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0201799294 Macromedia Dreamweaver MX: Trainin’ from de Source
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0201844532 C# Design Patterns: A Tutorial
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0321108957 Honeypots: Trackin’ Hackers
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0321166809 Macromedia Dreamweaver MX Dynamic Applications: Advanced Trainin’ from de Source
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0672323842 Sams Teach Yourself J2EE in 21 Days (With CD-ROM)
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0672324598 Maximum Security, Fourth Edition
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0672324679 Microsoft SQL Server 2000 Unleashed (2nd Edition)
0672324725 Struts Kick Start
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0672324881 Maximum Wireless Security
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067232525X PHP and MySQL Web Development, Second Edition
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0735709475 Inside AutoCAD® 2000, Limited Edition
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0735709955 Cisco CCNP Support Exam Certification Guide (With CD-ROM)
0735709971 Web Application Development with PHP 4.0 (with CD-ROM)
073571052X C++ XML
0735710619 Windows 2000 Power Toolkit
0735710929 MCSE Trainin’ Guide (70-227): Installin’, Configurin’, and Administerin’ Microsoft Internet Security and Acceleration (ISA) Server 2000
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0735711291 MCAD/MCSD/MCSE Trainin’ Guide (70-229): SQL Server 2000 Database Design and Implementation
0735711348 Inside LightWave 7 (With CD-ROM)
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073571150X Buildin’ Accessible Websites (With CD-ROM)
0735711577 MCSE Trainin’ Guide (70-244): Supportin’ and Maintainin’ a Windows NT Server 4 Network
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073571195X Java for de Web with Servlets, JSP, and EJB: A Developer’s Guide to J2EE Solutions
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0735712832 The Flash MX Project
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0789713993 “Special Edition Usin’ Microsoft Excel 97, Best Seller Edition” (2nd Edition)
0789715538 Usin’ Microsoft Windows 95 With Internet Explorer 4.0 (Special Edition Usin’…)
0789716062 Special Edition Usin’ Microsoft Access 2000
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0789722674 Special Edition Usin’ HTML 4 (6th Edition)
0789724448 Special Edition Usin’ Macromedia Flash 5 (with CD-ROM)
0789724472 Microsoft SQL Server 2000 Database Development From Scratch
078972510X Special Edition Usin’ Microsoft Access 2002
0789725428 Upgradin’ and Repairin’ PCs (13th Edition)
0789725576 Upgradin’ and Repairin’ Networks (3rd Edition)
0789725673 Special Edition Usin’ Enterprise JavaBeans (EJB) 2.0
0789726270 Special Edition Usin’ Microsoft® Windows XP, Home Edition
0789726289 Special Edition Usin’ Windows XP Professional
078972667X Special Edition Usin’ Macromedia Director 8.5 (With CD-ROM)
0789726769 C++ by Example
0789727277 Special Edition Usin’ Adobe GoLive 6
0789727609 Special Edition Usin’ Adobe Photoshop 7
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0789727730 MCSE Trainin’ Guide (70 270): Windows XP Professional (With CD-ROM)
0789727900 Platinum Edition Usin’ Microsoft Windows XP
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0789728192 MCAD/MCSD Trainin’ Guide (70-306): Developin’ and Implementin’ Windows-Based Applications with Visual Basic.NET and Visual Studio.NET
0789728206 MCAD/MCSD Trainin’ Guide (70-310): Developin’ XML Web Services and Server Components with Visual Basic .NET and de .NET Framework
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0789728613 Java 2 Programmer Exam Cram (310-035)
0789728621 Java 2 Enterprise Edition (J2EE) Web Component Developer Exam Cram 2 (Exam Cram 310-080)
078972863X MCSE Windows 2000 Network Infrastructure Exam Cram 2 (Exam Cram 70-216)
0789728648 MCSE Windows 2000 Active Directory Services Design Exam Cram 2 (Exam Cram 70-219)
0789728656 Network+ Exam Cram 2 (Exam Cram N10-002)
0789728664 MCSA Managin’ a Windows 2000 Network Environment Exam Cram 2 (Exam Cram 70-218)
0789728672 A+ Exam Cram 2 (Exam Cram 220-221, Exam Cram 220-222)
0789728680 Solaris 8 System Administrator Exam Cram 2 (Exam CX-310-011 and CX-310-012)
0789728699 Solaris 9 System Administrator Exam Cram 2 (Exam Cram 310-014, Exam Cram 310-015)
0789728702 Solaris 9 Network Administration Exam Cram 2 (Exam Cram CX-310-044)
0789728710 MCSE Windows 2000 Active Directory Services Infrastructure Exam Cram 2 (Exam 70-217)
0789728729 MCSE Windows 2000 Professional Exam Cram 2 (Exam Cram 70-210)
0789728737 MCSE Windows 2000 Server Exam Cram 2 (Exam Cram 70-215)
0789728745 MCSE Windows XP Professional Exam Cram 2 (Exam Cram 70-270)
0789728788 MCSE/MCSA Trainin’ Guide (70-216): Windows 2000 Network Infrastructure, Second Edition
0789728818 MCSE/MCSA Trainin’ Guide, Second Edition (70-215): Windows 2000 Server
0789728826 Special Edition Usin’ Microsoft CRM
0789728974 MCAD Developin’ XML Web Services and Server Components with Visual C# .NET and de .NET Framework Exam Cram 2 (Exam Cram 70-320)
0789728982 MCAD Developin’ and Implementin’ Web Applications with Microsoft Visual Basic .NET and Microsoft Visual Studio .NET Exam Cram 2 (Exam Cram 70-305)
0789728990 MCAD Developin’ and Implementin’ Windows-based Applications with Microsoft Visual Basic .NET and Microsoft Visual Studio .NET Exam Cram 2 (Exam Cram 70-306)
0789729008 MCAD Developin’ XML Web Services and Server Components with Visual Basic .NET and de .NET Framework Exam Cram 2 (Exam Cram 70-310)
0789729016 MCAD Developin’ and Implementin’ Web Applications with Microsoft Visual C# .NET and Microsoft Visual Studio .NET Exam Cram 2 (Exam Cram 70-315)
0789729105 Security+ Exam Cram 2 (Exam Cram SYO-101)
0789729466 MCSA/MCSE Managin’ and Maintainin’ a Windows Server 2003 Environment Exam Cram 2 (Exam Cram 70-290)
0789729482 MCSA/MCSE 70-291 Trainin’ Guide: Implementin’, Managin’, and Maintainin’ a Windows Server 2003 Network Infrastructure
0789729504 MCSE Plannin’, Implementin’, and Maintainin’ a Microsoft Windows Server 2003 Active Directory Infrastructure Exam Cram 2 (Exam Cram 70-294)
0789729512 MCSA/MCSE Implementin’ and Administerin’ Security in a Windows 2000 Network Exam Cram 2 (Exam Cram 70-214)
0789729520 Special Edition Usin’ Microsoft Office Access 2003
0789729539 Special Edition Usin’ Microsoft Office Excel 2003
0789729547 Special Edition Usin’ Office Microsoft FrontPage 2003
0789729555 Special Edition Usin’ Microsoft Office 2003
0789729563 Special Edition Usin’ Microsoft Office Outlook 2003
078972958X Special Edition Usin’ Microsoft Word 11
0789729725 Easy CDs & DVDs
0789729741 Upgradin’ and Repairin’ PCs, 15th Edition
0789729792 Novell’s CNE Update to NetWare 6 Study Guide
0789729911 CCNP BCMSN Exam Cram 2 (642-811), Second Edition
078972992X Java 2 Developer Exam Cram 2 (Exam Cram CX-310-252A and CX-310-027)
0789729970 MCDBA, MCSE, MCSD, MCAD Trainin’ Guide (70-229): SQL Server 2000 Database Design and Implementation
0789730111 MCSA/MCSE Managin’ and Maintainin’ a Windows Server 2003 Environment Exam Cram 2 (Exam Cram 70-292)
078973012X MCSE Plannin’ and Maintainin’ a Windows Server 2003 Network Infrastructure Exam Cram 2 (Exam Cram 70-293)
0789730170 Cisco BSCI Exam Cram 2 (Exam Cram 642-801)
0789730200 CCNP BCRAN Exam Cram 2
0789730219 CCNP CIT Exam Cram 2 (642-831)
0789730235 CCSP CSPFA Exam Cram 2 (Exam Cram 642-521)
0789730243 CCSP CSI Exam Cram 2 (9E0-131)
0789730251 CCSP SECUR Exam Cram 2 (642-501)
078973026X CCSP CSVPN Exam Cram 2 (Exam Cram 642-511)
0789730367 Easy Microsoft Windows XP Home Edition, Second Edition
0789730375 PMP Exam Cram 2
156830370X Adobe® PageMaker® 6.5 Classroom in a Book
1568304676 Adobe Premiere 5.0 Classroom in a Book
157870085X Solaris 2.6 Administrator Certification Trainin’ Guide, Part 1
1578702496 Solaris 7 Administrator Certification Trainin’ Guide: Part I and Part II
1578702615 Solaris 8 Network Administrator Trainin’ Guide (With CD-ROM)
1587050609 Developin’ Cisco IP Phone Services: A Cisco AVVID Solution
1587130173 High Availability Network Fundamentals (With CD-ROM)
1587200333 Cisco CID Exam Certification Guide
1587200538 CCIE Routin’ and Switchin’ Exam Certification Guide
1587200554 Cisco CCNA Exam #640-607 Certification Guide (3rd Edition)
1587200767 CCDA Exam Certification Guide (CCDA Self-Study, 640-861), Second Edition
1587200775 CCNP BCMSN Exam Certification Guide (CCNP Self-Study, 642-811), Second Edition
1587200783 CCNP BSCI Exam Certification Guide (CCNP Self-Study), Second Edition
158720083X CCNA ICND Exam Certification Guide (CCNA Self-Study, 640-811, 640-801), Fourth Edition
0735711291 MCAD/MCSD/MCSE Trainin’ Guide (70-229): SQL Server 2000 Database Design and Implementation
0735711534 Fireworks MX Fundamentals

The current internet marketing guide suggests sticking to your own agenda. The ways to seo website are innumerable and everyone has a way of his own. That is the way search engine optimization should be done. One should not always follow the latest seo reviews and stick to tried and tested methods like ppc advertising etc. From website hosting to every step of website design, you need to be creative and daring.

From this query you can collect many numbers of “.PST” files, which contain all E-mail folders, addresses or anythin’ else that Outlook 97, 2000, xp or 2003 collects.

To see results; just write in de (www.google.com/) search en’ine de code:

outlook filetype:pst

Trackin’ email back to its source: Twisted Evil
cause i hate spammers… Evil or Very Mad

Ask most people how dey determine who sent them an email message and de response is almost universally, “By de From line.” Unfortunately this symptomatic of de current confusion amon’ internet users as to where particular messages come from and who is spreadin’ spam and viruses. The “From” header is little more than a courtesy to de person receivin’ de message. People spreadin’ spam and viruses are rarely courteous. In short, if dere is any question about where a particular email message came from de safe bet is to assume de “From” header is forged.

So how do you determine where a message actually came from? You have to understand how email messages are put togeder in order to backtrack an email message. SMTP is a text based protocol for transferrin’ messages across de internet. A series of headers are placed in front of de data portion of de message. By examinin’ de headers you can usually backtrack a message to de source network, sometimes de source host. A more detailed essay on readin’ email headers can be found.

If you are usin’ Outlook or Outlook Express you can view de headers by right clickin’ on de message and selectin’ properties or options.

Below are listed de headers of an actual spam message I received. I’ve changed my email address and de name of my server for obvious reasons. I’ve also double spaced de headers to make them more readable.

Return-Path: <s359dyxtt@yahoo.com>

X-Original-To: davar@example.com

Delivered-To: davar@example.com

Received: from 12-218-172-108.client.mchsi.com (12-218-172-108.client.mchsi.com [12.218.172.108])
by mailhost.example.com (Postfix) with SMTP id 1F9B8511C7
for <davar@example.com>; Sun, 16 Nov 2003 09:50:37 -0800 (PST)

Received: from (HELO 0udjou) [193.12.169.0] by 12-218-172-108.client.mchsi.com with ESMTP id <536806-74276>; Sun, 16 Nov 2003 19:42:31 +0200

Message-ID: <n5-l067n7z$46-z$-n@eo2.32574>

From: “Maricela Paulson” <s359dyxtt@yahoo.com>

Reply-To: “Maricela Paulson” <s359dyxtt@yahoo.com>

To: davar@example.com

Subject: STOP-PAYING For Your PAY-PER-VIEW, Movie Channels, Mature Channels…isha

Date: Sun, 16 Nov 2003 19:42:31 +0200

X-Mailer: Internet Mail Service (5.5.2650.21)

X-Priority: 3

MIME-Version: 1.0

Content-Type: multipart/alternative; boundary=”MIMEStream=_0+211404_90873633350646_4032088448″

Accordin’ to de From header this message is from Maricela Paulson at s359dyxxt@yahoo.com. I could just fire off a message to abuse@yahoo.com, but that would be waste of time. This message didn’t come from yahoo’s email service.

The header most likely to be useful in determinin’ de actual source of an email message is de Received header. Accordin’ to de top-most Received header this message was received from de host 12-218-172-108.client.mchsi.com with de ip address of 21.218.172.108 by my server mailhost.example.com. An important item to consider is at what point in de chain does de email system become untrusted? I consider anythin’ beyond my own email server to be an unreliable source of information. Because this header was generated by my email server it is reasonable for me to accept it at face value.

The next Received header (which is chronologically de first) shows de remote email server acceptin’ de message from de host 0udjou with de ip 193.12.169.0. Those of you who know anythin’ about IP will realize that that is not a valid host IP address. In addition, any hostname that ends in client.mchsi.com is unlikely to be an authorized email server. This has every sign of bein’ a cracked client system.

Here’s is where we start diggin’. By default Windows is somewhat lackin’ in network diagnostic tools; however, you can use de tools at to do your own checkin’.

davar@nqh9k:[/home/davar] $whois 12.218.172.108

AT&T WorldNet Services ATT (NET-12-0-0-0-1)
12.0.0.0 - 12.255.255.255
Mediacom Communications Corp MEDIACOMCC-12-218-168-0-FLANDREAU-MN (NET-12-218-168-0-1)
12.218.168.0 - 12.218.175.255

# ARIN WHOIS database, last updated 2003-12-31 19:15
# Enter ? for additional hints on searchin’ ARIN’s WHOIS database.

I can also verify de hostname of de remote server by usin’ nslookup, although in this particular instance, my email server has already provided both de IP address and de hostname.

davar@nqh9k:[/home/davar] $nslookup 12.218.172.108

Server: localhost
Address: 127.0.0.1

Name: 12-218-172-108.client.mchsi.com
Address: 12.218.172.108

Ok, whois shows that Mediacom Communications owns that netblock and nslookup confirms de address to hostname mappin’ of de remote server,12-218-172-108.client.mchsi.com. If I preface a www in front of de domain name portion and plug that into my web browser, www.mchsi.com, I get Mediacom’s web site.

There are few thin’s more embarrassin’ to me than firin’ off an an’ry message to someone who is supposedly responsible for a problem, and bein’ wron’. By double checkin’ who owns de remote host’s IP address usin’ two different tools (whois and nslookup) I minimize de chance of makin’ myself look like an idiot.

A quick glance at de web site and it appears dey are an ISP. Now if I copy de entire message includin’ de headers into a new email message and send it to abuse@mchsi.com with a short message explainin’ de situation, dey may do somethin’ about it.

But what about Maricela Paulson? There really is no way to determine who sent a message, de best you can hope for is to find out what host sent it. Even in de case of a PGP signed messages dere is no guarantee that one particular person actually pressed de send button. Obviously determinin’ who de actual sender of an email message is much more involved than readin’ de From header. Hopefully this example may be of some use to oder forum regulars.

The Internet is a computer network made up of thousands of networks worldwide. No one knows exactly how many computers are connected to de Internet. It is certain, however, that dese number in de millions.

No one is in charge of de Internet. There are organizations which develop technical aspects of this network and set standards for creatin’ applications on it, but no governin’ body is in control. The Internet backbone, through which Internet traffic flows, is owned by private companies.

All computers on de Internet communicate with one anoder usin’ de Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol suite, abbreviated to TCP/IP. Computers on de Internet use a client/server architecture. This means that de remote server machine provides files and services to de user’s local client machine. Software can be installed on a client computer to take advantage of de latest access technology.

An Internet user has access to a wide variety of services: electronic mail, file transfer, vast information resources, interest group membership, interactive collaboration, multimedia displays, real-time broadcastin’, shoppin’ opportunities, breakin’ news, and much more.

The Internet consists primarily of a variety of access protocols. Many of dese protocols feature programs that allow users to search for and retrieve material made available by de protocol.

COMPONENTS OF THE INTERNET

WORLD WIDE WEB
The World Wide Web (abbreviated as de Web or WWW) is a system of Internet servers that supports hypertext to access several Internet protocols on a sin’le interface. Almost every protocol type available on de Internet is accessible on de Web. This includes e-mail, FTP, Telnet, and Usenet News. In addition to dese, de World Wide Web has its own protocol: HyperText Transfer Protocol, or HTTP. These protocols will be explained later in this document.

The World Wide Web provides a sin’le interface for accessin’ all dese protocols. This creates a convenient and user-friendly environment. It is no longer necessary to be conversant in dese protocols within separate, command-level environments. The Web gaders togeder dese protocols into a sin’le system. Because of this feature, and because of de Web’s ability to work with multimedia and advanced programmin’ lan’uages, de Web is de fastest-growin’ component of de Internet.

The operation of de Web relies primarily on hypertext as its means of information retrieval. HyperText is a document containin’ words that connect to oder documents. These words are called links and are selectable by de user. A sin’le hypertext document can contain links to many documents. In de context of de Web, words or graphics may serve as links to oder documents, images, video, and sound. Links may or may not follow a logical path, as each connection is programmed by de creator of de source document. Overall, de Web contains a complex virtual web of connections amon’ a vast number of documents, graphics, videos, and sounds.

Producin’ hypertext for de Web is accomplished by creatin’ documents with a lan’uage called HyperText Markup Lan’uage, or HTML. With HTML, tags are placed within de text to accomplish document formattin’, visual features such as font size, italics and bold, and de creation of hypertext links. Graphics and multimedia may also be incorporated into an HTML document. HTML is an evolvin’ lan’uage, with new tags bein’ added as each upgrade of de lan’uage is developed and released. The World Wide Web Consortium (W3C), led by Web founder Tim Berners-Lee, coordinates de efforts of standardizin’ HTML. The W3C now calls de lan’uage XHTML and considers it to be an application of de XML lan’uage standard.

The World Wide Web consists of files, called pages or home pages, containin’ links to documents and resources throughout de Internet.

The Web provides a vast array of experiences includin’ multimedia presentations, real-time collaboration, interactive pages, radio and television broadcasts, and de automatic “push” of information to a client computer. Programmin’ lan’uages such as Java, JavaScript, Visual Basic, Cold Fusion and XML are extendin’ de capabilities of de Web. A growin’ amount of information on de Web is served dynamically from content stored in databases. The Web is derefore not a fixed entity, but one that is in a constant state of development and flux.

For more complete information about de World Wide Web, see Understandin’ The World Wide Web.

E-MAIL
Electronic mail, or e-mail, allows computer users locally and worldwide to exchange messages. Each user of e-mail has a mailbox address to which messages are sent. Messages sent through e-mail can arrive within a matter of seconds.

A powerful aspect of e-mail is de option to send electronic files to a person’s e-mail address. Non-ASCII files, known as binary files, may be attached to e-mail messages. These files are referred to as MIME attachments.MIME stands for Multimedia Internet Mail Extension, and was developed to help e-mail software handle a variety of file types. For example, a document created in Microsoft Word can be attached to an e-mail message and retrieved by de recipient with de appropriate e-mail program. Many e-mail programs, includin’ Eudora, Netscape Messenger, and Microsoft Outlook, offer de ability to read files written in HTML, which is itself a MIME type.

TELNET
Telnet is a program that allows you to log into computers on de Internet and use online databases, library catalogs, chat services, and more. There are no graphics in Telnet sessions, just text. To Telnet to a computer, you must know its address. This can consist of words (locis.loc.gov) or numbers (140.147.254.3). Some services require you to connect to a specific port on de remote computer. In this case, type de port number after de Internet address. Example: telnet nri.reston.va.us 185.

Telnet is available on de World Wide Web. Probably de most common Web-based resources available through Telnet have been library catalogs, though most catalogs have since migrated to de Web. A link to a Telnet resource may look like any oder link, but it will launch a Telnet session to make de connection. A Telnet program must be installed on your local computer and configured to your Web browser in order to work.

With de increasin’ popularity of de Web, Telnet has become less frequently used as a means of access to information on de Internet.

FTP
FTP stands for File Transfer Protocol. This is both a program and de method used to transfer files between computers. Anonymous FTP is an option that allows users to transfer files from thousands of host computers on de Internet to deir personal computer account. FTP sites contain books, articles, software, games, images, sounds, multimedia, course work, data sets, and more.

If your computer is directly connected to de Internet via an Edernet cable, you can use one of several PC software programs, such as WS_FTP for Windows, to conduct a file transfer.

FTP transfers can be performed on de World Wide Web without de need for special software. In this case, de Web browser will suffice. Whenever you download software from a Web site to your local machine, you are usin’ FTP. You can also retrieve FTP files via search en’ines such as FtpFind, located at /http://www.ftpfind.com/. This option is easiest because you do not need to know FTP program commands.

E-MAIL DISCUSSION GROUPS
One of de benefits of de Internet is de opportunity it offers to people worldwide to communicate via e-mail. The Internet is home to a large community of individuals who carry out active discussions organized around topic-oriented forums distributed by e-mail. These are administered by software programs. Probably de most common program is de listserv.

A great variety of topics are covered by listservs, many of them acathemic in nature. When you subscribe to a listserv, messages from oder subscribers are automatically sent to your electronic mailbox. You subscribe to a listserv by sendin’ an e-mail message to a computer program called a listserver. Listservers are located on computer networks throughout de world. This program handles subscription information and distributes messages to and from subscribers. You must have a e-mail account to participate in a listserv discussion group. Visit Tile.net at /http://tile.net/ to see an example of a site that offers a searchablecollection of e-mail discussion groups.

Majordomo and Listproc are two oder programs that administer e-mail discussion groups. The commands for subscribin’ to and managin’ your list memberships are similar to those of listserv.

USENET NEWS
Usenet News is a global electronic bulletin board system in which millions of computer users exchange information on a vast range of topics. The major difference between Usenet News and e-mail discussion groups is de fact that Usenet messages are stored on central computers, and users must connect to dese computers to read or download de messages posted to dese groups. This is distinct from e-mail distribution, in which messages arrive in de electronic mailboxes of each list member.

Usenet itself is a set of machines that exchanges messages, or articles, from Usenet discussion forums, called newsgroups. Usenet administrators control deir own sites, and decide which (if any) newsgroups to sponsor and which remote newsgroups to allow into de system.

There are thousands of Usenet newsgroups in existence. While many are acathemic in nature, numerous newsgroups are organized around recreational topics. Much serious computer-related work takes place in Usenet discussions. A small number of e-mail discussion groups also exist as Usenet newsgroups.

The Usenet newsfeed can be read by a variety of newsreader software programs. For example, de Netscape suite comes with a newsreader program called Messenger. Newsreaders are also available as standalone products.

FAQ, RFC, FYI
FAQ stands for Frequently Asked Questions. These are periodic postin’s to Usenet newsgroups that contain a wealth of information related to de topic of de newsgroup. Many FAQs are quite extensive. FAQs are available by subscribin’ to individual Usenet newsgroups. A Web-based collection of FAQ resources has been collected by The Internet FAQ Consortium and is available at /http://www.faqs.org/.

RFC stands for Request for Comments. These are documents created by and distributed to de Internet community to help define de nuts and bolts of de Internet. They contain both technical specifications and general information.

FYI stands for For Your Information. These notes are a subset of RFCs and contain information of interest to new Internet users.

Links to indexes of all three of dese information resources are available on de University Libraries Web site at /http://library.albany.edu/reference/faqs.html.

CHAT & INSTANT MESSENGING
Chat programs allow users on de Internet to communicate with each oder by typin’ in real time. They are sometimes included as a feature of a Web site, where users can log into de “chat room” to exchange comments and information about de topics addressed on de site. Chat may take oder, more wide-ran’in’ forms. For example, America Online is well known for sponsorin’ a number of topical chat rooms.

Internet Relay Chat (IRC) is a service through which participants can communicate to each oder on hundreds of channels. These channels are usually based on specific topics. While many topics are frivolous, substantive conversations are also takin’ place. To access IRC, you must use an IRC software program.

A variation of chat is de phenomenon of instant messen’in’. With instant messen’in’, a user on de Web can contact anoder user currently logged in and type a conversation. Most famous is America Online’s Instant Messenger. ICQ, MSN and Yahoo are oder commonly-used chat programs.

Oder types of real-time communication are addressed in de tutorial Understandin’ de World Wide Web.

MUD/MUSH/MOO/MUCK/DUM/MUSE
MUD stands for Multi User Dimension. MUDs, and deir variations listed above, are multi-user virtual reality games based on simulated worlds. Traditionally text based, graphical MUDs now exist. There are MUDs of all kinds on de Internet, and many can be joined free of charge. For more information, read one of de FAQs devoted to MUDs available at de FAQ site at

Before you spend a dime on security, dere are many precautions you can take that will protect you against de most common threats.

1. Check Windows Update and Office Update regularly (_http://office.microsoft.com/productupdates); have your Office CD ready. Windows Me, 2000, and XP users can configure automatic updates. Click on de Automatic Updates tab in de System control panel and choose de appropriate options.

2. Install a personal firewall. Both SyGate (_www.sygate.com) and ZoneAlarm (_www.zonelabs.com) offer free versions.

3. Install a free spyware blocker. Our Editors’ Choice (”Spyware,” April 22) was SpyBot Search & Destroy (_http://security.kolla.de). SpyBot is also paranoid and ruthless in huntin’ out trackin’ cookies.

4. Block pop-up spam messages in Windows NT, 2000, or XP by disablin’ de Windows Messenger service (this is unrelated to de instant messagin’ program). Open Control Panel | Administrative Tools | Services and you’ll see Messenger. Right-click and go to Properties. Set Start-up Type to Disabled and press de Stop button. Bye-bye, spam pop-ups! Any good firewall will also stop them.

5. Use strong’ passwords and change them periodically. Passwords should have at least seven characters; use letters and numbers and have at least one symbol. A decent example would be f8izKro@l. This will make it much harder for anyone to gain access to your accounts.

6. If you’re usin’ Outlook or Outlook Express, use de current version or one with de Outlook Security Update installed. The update and current versions patch numerous vulnerabilities.

7. Buy antivirus software and keep it up to date. If you’re not willin’ to pay, try Grisoft AVG Free Edition (Grisoft Inc., w*w.grisoft.com). And doublecheck your AV with de free, online-only scanners available at w*w.pandasoftware.com/activescan and _http://housecall.trendmicro.com.

8. If you have a wireless network, turn on de security features: Use MAC filterin’, turn off SSID broadcast, and even use WEP with de biggest key you can get. For more, check out our wireless section or see de expanded coverage in Your Unwired World in our next issue.

9. Join a respectable e-mail security list, such as de one found at our own Security Supersite at _http://security.ziffdavis.com, so that you learn about emergin’ threats quickly and can take proper precautions.

10. Be skeptical of thin’s on de Internet. Don’t assume that e-mail “From:” a particular person is actually from that person until you have furder reason to believe it’s that person. Don’t assume that an attachment is what it says it is. Don’t give out your password to anyone, even if that person claims to be from “support.”